Motivasi Orang Tua Menyekolahkan Anak di SMP IT Darul Muta'allimin Meulaboh

The study in this thesis research departs from efforts to see how the motivation and interest of parents of students in sending their children to SMP-IT Darul Muta'allimin, Meulaboh. Parents have a big role in determining the direction of their children's education, including in selecting schools for their children. This thesis is entitled Motivation of Parents to Send Their Children to SMP IT Darul Mutallimin, Meulaboh. (1) To find out why SMP IT Darul Muta'allimin is the choice of parents in sending their children to school (2) To find out what are the motivations of parents in sending their children to SMP IT Darul Muta'allimin. Data collection in this study was carried out using a qualitative method approach, in which researchers began to get involved from observing the motivation of parents to send their children to SMP IT Darul Mutallimin, conducting in-depth interviews with parents who had been selected as samples in this study, documenting several pictures. which are considered important as research data, to the data analysis process which is carried out by sorting and selecting data that is considered to have a relationship with the theme of this thesis. The results of the study show that among the motivations of parents of students to send their children to the Darul Mutallimin Islamic Boarding School, it is due to several factors, including because the trend of sending their children to Islamic boarding schools has become a trend and parents choose education that is combined with religious values ​​as a solution to social change. In addition, graduates of integrated Islamic boarding schools are considered to have additional skills, and are more independent for children to live their lives after they have completed their education there

A review of wideband reflectarray antennas for 5G communication systems

The advancement in the current communication technology makes it incumbent to analyze the conventional features of reflectarray antenna for future adaptability. This work thoroughly reviews the design and experimental features of reflectarray antenna for its bandwidth improvement in microwave and millimeter wave frequency ranges. The paper surveys the fundamental and advanced topologies of reflectarray design implementations which are needed particularly for its broadband features. The realization of its design approaches has been studied at unit cell and full reflectarray levels for its bandwidth enhancement. Various design configurations have also been critically analyzed for the compatibility with the high frequency 5G systems

Mutual Coupling Reduction between Asymmetric Reflectarray Resonant Elements

A physically asymmetric reflectarray element has been proposed for wide band operations. The dual resonant response has been introduced by tilting one side of the square path element. The numerical results have been analyzed in the frequency band between 24GHz to 28GHz where a reflection phase range of more than 600° has been achieved. The proposed asymmetric element can produce mutual coupling with adjacent elements on a reflectarray. This effect has been monitored by placing the elements in a mirror configuration on the surface of reflectarray. The single unit cell element results have been compared with conventional 4 element unit cell and proposed mirroring element configuration. The proposed mirroring element technique can be used to design a broadband reflectarray for high gain applications

Complementary split ring resonator for isolation enhancement in 5G communication antenna array

A square-shaped complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) filtering structure for isolation improvement is presented in this paper. The proposed research work investigates the design and development of a simple and compact CSRR structure. In order to verify the performance of the proposed filtering element and improve the isolation among the closely placed antenna elements, arrays of configured CSRR structures are implemented between two antenna elements. An array of configured CSRR elements has been integrated with the printed antenna on the top and bottom layers. The proposed filtering elements offer an enhancement in isolation by 25 dB as compared to the simple array. The entire configuration has been simulated using the Ansoft HFSS simulator. Finally, the proposed design is fabricated and experimentally validated. In the experiment, coupling suppression of -51 dB at the operating frequency is successfully achieved, resulting in a recovery of the array pattern. The proposed antenna is highly efficient, which is suitable to be utilized for 5G communication

Broadband Resonant Elements for 5G Reflectarray Antenna Design

The performance investigation of two novel resonant elements is presented in this work for 5G reflectarray antenna design. Two dual resonance elements with wide reflection phase range have been developed from a square patch element by a novel corner bending tactic. The reflection loss and reflection phase range performance of the proposed elements have been compared with conventional square patch element at 26 GHz. The results have shown a reflection phase swing of 629° and 632° for Bent Width and Bent Length elements respectively. The broadband features of proposed elements can radically improve the bandwidth performance of a reflectarray antenna

Gain enhancement of dielectric resonator antenna for millimeter wave applications

In this paper, dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with enhanced gain operating on the higher order mode (15 ) is presented. The dielectric resonator antenna with dielectric constant of 10 and loss tangent of 0.002 is used. The DRA is fed by microstrip line through an aperture slot. The proposed antenna is designed at 26 GHz and achieved a gain of 7.9 dBi with corresponding simulated radiation efficiency of 93%. The impedance bandwidth of 1.5 GHz from 25.1 GHz to 26.6 GHz has been achieved. The reflection coefficient, antenna gain, radiation patterns, and efficiency of the antenna are studied. Simulations are performed using CST microwave studio, and their results are presented

A Review of High Gain and High Efficiency Reflectarrays for 5G Communications

The future adaptability of reflectarray antenna requires a thorough investigation of its main conventional features for expected improvements. Its existing design featuring at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies can be considered as a basic platform for further studies. In this paper, a thorough review of reflectarrays on some selected areas is presented. Its design implementations involving gain and efficiency improvement are discussed in details. Various design approaches have been critically analyzed at the unit cell and full reflectarray levels for a plausible enhancement in the featured parameters with 5G compatibility

Characteristics of micro-propagated banana (Musa spp.) cultures stressed with NaCl and polyethylene glycol

The effect of NaCl and PEG was assessed on plant micro-propagation rate in banana (Musa spp.) cv., Basrai. Well micro-propagated plantlets were cultured on four different stresses of NaCl and PEG-4000 including control level: MS2b (MS0 + 3.0 mg l-1 BAP), MS2c (MS0 + 100 mol m-3 NaCl), MS2d (MS0 + 5% PEG) and MS2e (MS0 + 100 mol m-3 NaCl + 5 % PEG) for 6-weeks. Efficiency of plant micro-propagation was reduced significantly among the stressed cultures. Similarly, photosynthetic pigments like chl a was decreased non-significantly but chl b, chl ab were decreased significantly. Total carotenoids were increased in the saline as well as PEG stressed cultures. Cell size of epidermis and aerenchyma was increased (p < 0.05), while parenchyma decreased. Proline and glycinebetain contents were increased (p < 0.05) in each stressed culture but were high in MS2 than in MS3 and MS4 cultures. Meanwhile, proteins, sugars, phenolics and nitrates were observed to be in the reversed (p < 0.05) phenomena. In conclusion, NaCl treatment was observed to be most toxic than the PEG or PEG with NaCl on the banana micro-propagation.Key words: Musa spp., micro-propagation, NaCl (sodium chloride), PEG (polyethylene glycol), chlorophyll contents, proline, reducing sugars

Polarization diversity and adaptive beamsteering for 5G reflectarrays: a review

The growing demands of advanced future communication technologies require investigating the possible enhancement in the current features of a reflectarray antenna. Its design and experimental features need a thorough investigation before a plausible transition towards millimeter wave frequencies. This paper provides a detailed review covering various fundamental and advanced design tactics for polarization diversity and beamsteering in the reflectarray antenna. The diversity in the polarization has been discussed for linear and circular polarized designs in reflectarrays. The importance of electronically tunable materials and different lumped components for adaptive beamsteering in reflectarrays has also been highlighted. Each design has been critically analyzed and possibilities of its compatibility with future 5G systems have been provided

Resource evaluation, stock, growth and mortality of the Bombay duck (Harpodon nehereus Hamilton, 1822) fishery in the coastal waters of Pakistan

1222-1228Bombay duck, Harpadon nehereus (Hamilton, 1822), harvested mainly by dol nets, has been a prolific fishery in the northern Arabian Sea. Monthly length composition data for H. nehereus, landed at the Karachi Fish Harbor (KFH) from July 2014 to June 2015 was used to determine growth, mortality and stock evaluation. Total  2252 specimen with an average of 19.171 ± 2.659 cm TL (14 to 28 cm total length), an average of 45.254 ± 23.113 g of 9 to 174 g (total body weight) analyzed. The data used in FiSAT-II applying ELEFAN-I package for estimating population dynamics. The estimated the growth parameters of von Bertalanffy L∞ = 29.40 cm, K = 0.610 year-1 and t0 = -0.359 year-1 with a phi φ’ = 2.722. The length-weight relationship was W = 0.001L3.477 (R2 = 0.918) and b > 3 is described as positive allometric growth. Total mortality was calculated at Z = 1.800 year-1, natural mortality estimated at M = 1.276 year-1 at 27 °C in addition, fishing mortality rate was 0.524 year-1 is not much higher than the safe level (Fopt = 0.638 year-1) and a little below edge (Flimit = 0.850 year-1) biological reference points. Due to mortality and exploitation rate (E = 0.291 < 0.50), the population stock and reserves were underutilized